Improvement in lamp-burners



c, B. MANN.

Lamp Burner.

Patented Mai. 28, 1871.

:PEIERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER. WASHMGTON. D. C.

idniid $111M an affine CHARLES B.MANN, OF. BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, AssmnoE TO HIMSELF E AND STEPHENS. MANN, 0E SAMEPLAOE.

Letters Patent No. 113,183, dated March28, 1871;

IMPROVEMENT m LAMP-BURNERS;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. MANN, of Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Burners for Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing making a part of this specification, in Which- Figure 1 is a'sectional elevation.

Figure 2, a perspective view of the inner fillingtube;

1g igure 3 is a perspective view of the outer fillingtu e.

Figures 4 and 5 are sections through the wick-tube.

My invention is an improvement in kerosene or coaloil lamp-burners, and is designed to remove many of the objections to the use of this kind of oil for domestic illuminating purposes.

By the use of my improvements the inconvenience and unpleasantness attending the filling of lamps, or replenishing themgwith oil, will be obviated, and the liability to accidents which are thus occasioned will be entirely done away with.

The filling-tnbe'consists of two tubes, a b, one fitted within the other telescopically, and the inner one retained'in its place by a pin, it, attached toit, and moving in a slot, 0, in the outer tube, similar to abayonet} catch. H

The mouth orouter orifice of the filler is large enough.,to admitreadily the nozzle of the ordinary 'coaloil cam and the end of the inner tube is turned over and spread into a flange, d, which has a milled edge, so as to he'tnrued readily by the application of the thumb and finger.

This double tube passes through the neck of the burner e, and terminates with a half-round end, with the orifices of discharge pointing downward toward the reservoir of the lamp. When the inner, tube is turned to fill the lamp the orifices of discharge of both tubes coincide, so that the oil will then flow direct-1y down into the reservoir; then, on simply turning the inner tube, by means of the milled flange d, halfway around, when the stop will prevent its t'urning any further, its orifice of discharge is brought up, audits half-rounded end will then close the orifice of discharge of the outer tube.

When the oil is being poured into the lamp the gas or air that is within seeks an outlet, to provide for which one side of the inner tube is swaged in a little, forming along its outsidea gutter or depression, h. \Vhen this inner tube, being thus swaged, is slipped within the outer tube, the depression forms a space between the tubes.

On one side of the outer-tube are two small holes, 0 j", one beingiu that part of the tube that is within the neck of the burner, and the other hole being out side of the neck of the burner. When the inner tube is turned for filling, the depression 7b of the inner tube is brought against both the holes in the outer tube, so that the air or gas can pass from the reservoir in through the inside hole and along the space or 'depres sion, and then out of the outside l1ole. If it should prove necessary to provide means for the more rapid escape of gas from the reservoir when filling than this outlet will afford, the capacityfor escape of gas could be doubled by havingacorresponding depression swaged outward in the outer tnbe,so that the two depressions would coincide.

I call this a safety-filling tube, because by it a lamp may be replenished with oil without displacing or removing the chimney or unscrewing the. burner, and while the light'is burning at full flame, which would be an extremely hazardous thing to attempt in ordinary lamp-burners. This double tube would also serve a valuable purpose as an independent outlet for the" escape of gas from the reservoir by leaving it partly open, and in thisway would tend to prevent explosions. The flanged orifice of this filling-tube would serve, also, as a stop to prevent the hinged cone from going too far back, so that in manufacturing these burners the device now in use might be dispensedwith.

The wick-tube i is one continuous tube, made of sheet-brass, and incases the wick in a tight compartment from the burning-point to near the bottom of the reservoir. From the point of burning 'to the under side of the burner (just below the ratchet-wheel Wickregulator) it is of the usual size to accommodate the fiatlwick; or, should the round wick for Argand-buiners he used, the shape of tube would conform accorcb,

ingly. From the under side of the burner, or from the collar of the lamp, the wick-tube i gradually increases in size until it terminates. If fiat wicks are used, the;

width of the tube at the lower end should be a'little tendency of the wick to kink and so choke the tube, and no difficulty is experienced in raising or lowering the wick than is experienced in the case of the ordinary short wick-tubes Neither does the long wicktube ofi'er any greater obstacle to the oil feeding'up' the wick 'to the flame than the ordinary short wick- .tnbes, for, owing to its peculiar construction, the oil in the reservoir, at whatever height it may be, will rise to the same height in the tube as long as there is any oil at all in ,thetuhe, and there always will be 'somepntil the oil ill/the reservoirhas burned so low as to be below the end ofthe tube; the gaswhieh. may

be in the reservoir above the s urfaceot' the oil is en tirely prevented from communicating with the flame by way of the wick-tube. being tight, the supply of oil which feeds the flame,

insteadof being taken from the top surface of the'oil,"

is taken from the bottom of the rese1r.voir,and, as creeps up the wick by capillary attraction to the point of burning, does not pass through the gas, (that is presentover the surface of; the ioih) and, so, of course, I 'does not become impregnated therewith.

As an outlet at all times for the escape of gas that forms within'the reservoir, thefilling-tube acts eonjointl-ywith the long wick-tube" to eifect the object that I seek to attain,'namely,immunity from accident when replenishing lamps with oil while the same are burning at full flame, I

Inasmuch as theaverage temperature of oil in ordinary kerosene-lamps, when the same have been burning several hours, will not exceed 85 Fahrenheit,

the amount ofifgas generated is-very small, not enough to'eontaminate the. atmosphere of a room when allowed to escape unconsiimed. At the low temperature named enough gas does form in the reservoir above-the surface of the oil when the reservoir is not full, which, if

ignited, would certainly explode the lamp. u

The fillingtube and long wick-tube permit the lamp to be replenished with perfect safety while burning,

The seam of the wick-tube i) bl since the long wick-tube here serves. to exolude'the passageof the gas up alongside ofthe wick to' the point ,ofhurning,,and so forces it (the gas) to find exit through the swaged depression heretofore described. When thus operated this combination will eifectually [prevent accidents by filling.

Another advantage is, that when burning, and the process of generating gasis slowly going on within the reservoir, whilethelong wick-tube serves the purpose heretofore named of excluding the passage of gas upward, the filling-tube affords a safe, efficient, and unobject-ionable outlet for the ,escape of gas, and, when. thus operated, this combination will prevent explosions.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire-to secureyby Let: ters Patent, is.-.

, '1. The filling-tub es'a b, constructed as explained, each'tube' having'an orl'fic'eof discharge within the lamp,and' the inner tube beiug' provided withf'the groove h, and the'outer tube with o'rifioes'forv allowing air from the lamp to enter and eseapeirom said groove and from the lamp.

2.. The wick-tube t, attached to the burner and ex-- A liaise 

